We estimate Eq. (1) by replacing Dij (Bij) with three different sets of dowry and bride price paid to others (i.e., \( \overlinej>> \) and \( \overlinej>> \) , \( \overline> \) and \( \overline> \) , or the community-based dowry and bride price), and three sets of reduced-form estimation results are presented in Table 4. Each panel presents estimation results of a reduced-form regression with a different set of dowry and bride price paid to others. To be comparable with Panel A, the OLS estimation results with women who have at least one brother and one sister are presented in Appendix Table 8. The reduced-form estimation results support the main OLS estimation results shown in Table 2. That is, women enjoy higher status in the ily that tends to exchange higher dowries and when they come from a higher-dowry village, whereas a larger bride price is negatively associated with these same traits. Here, the amount of bride price paid to the wife’s sisters by their in-laws is significantly negatively associated with the wife’s autonomy. The third set, i.e., the community-based dowry and bride price, does not show any significant association with women’s status. This is likely because relatively weaker association between the community-based dowry (bride price) and the personal dowry (bride price) that the bride receives from her parents (in-laws) than other two sets. The estimates for other coefficients are not inconsistent with those shown in Table 2 and are available upon request.
Dining table 4 Organization anywhere between dowry/bride rate (paid down because of the during the-regulations away from siblings, someone else on village and you may community) and you can wife’s condition from the relationship house (OLS)
4.step 3 Conversation and you may robustness monitors
Within the choosing the new ladies Split in Croatia women singles condition from the marital house, the end result of the web dowry (dowry without bride-to-be rate) can get matter. Remember that the degree of deferred mehr is included by themselves off the web dowry while the previous is never paid except if separation and divorce takes place and should not qualify assets put on the relationship. The results suggest that the brand new assets delivered to the ount) augment her decision-and work out stamina and you may independency. These types of confident contacts are not shocking due to the fact the fresh associations regarding bride to be rates reduced in the course of marriage run restrict to help you the ones from dowry in the primary estimations.
Possibly, a heightened ages or knowledge huge difference you are going to damage new wife’s standing on the marital family. Also many years variation as well as training improvement (replacement the fresh partner’s years and you may training) will not affect the head outcomes, and also the coefficients of them details are not high (Appendix Table nine, Panel B).
New quote procedure is actually constant from the replacing dowry and you may bride-to-be rate having web dowry (Appendix Desk nine, Committee An effective)
One to you’ll believe what number of years just like the relationship are important because the outcome of dowry (otherwise bride rate) would be deeper soon after relationship. Along with decades because ount off dowry (substitution woman’s many years on wedding) magnifies the bottom aftereffect of dowry within the ladies self-reliance but decrease the magnitude together with relevance peak into the ladies’ decision-making (Appendix Dining table 9, Panel C). This means you to a larger dowry escalates the wife’s independence when you look at the the relationship family immediately following matrimony; not, this new organization isn’t somewhat impacted by the newest passage of age because marriage.
No measure of gender ideology is included in the main estimation on account of endogeneity inquiries. You to definitely you are going to believe addition of these procedures can get weaken the organization between dowry and you will ladies’ position throughout the relationship domestic. While we don’t refuse the chance that tastes and ideological philosophy regarding the gender interactions are not inherent and alter along the relationship existence, new quote process is actually constant from the also several steps having son preference: the first varying means one in the event that wife’s better quantity of sons are higher than that of daughters additionally the 2nd equals one if the wife really wants to render degree to help you sons in place of to help you daughters. Dealing with to own gender ideology cannot drastically impact the fundamental estimation overall performance (Appendix Table 9, Panel D). Surprisingly, women’s decision making was positively for the young man liking. Yet not, it’s negatively in the preference for taking degree to help you sons than daughters. A possible translation is the fact very knowledgeable women can be against gender inequality in degree and start to become more energized about relationship house but choose that have so much more sons than simply daughters. That it seems consistent with certain present degree demonstrating you to definitely child taste is more prevalent among extremely experienced feminine rather than ignorant female from inside the Southern area China (Das Gupta 1987; Muhuri and you will Preston 1991).